Gemini 2.5 Pro Thinking. Что-то находит, рассуждение имеет вид "где-то доказано что у чего-то [я не уверен, что имеющего какое-то отношение к делу] конечное число решений, значит два найденных решения - единственные".
We want to find all natural number (positive integer) solutions to the equation 

.
Rearrange the equation:
We rearrange the terms:


Analyze the case x = 1:
If 

, the equation becomes 

, so 

, which gives 

.
Thus, 

 is a solution.
Analyze the case x > 1:
We rewrite the equation as:


Let 

 and 

. Then 

.
We calculate the greatest common divisor of A and B:

.
Since A and B are coprime and their product is a fourth power (

), both A and B must be fourth powers themselves.
Let 

 and 

, where 

 are positive integers and 

.
Then 

 and 

.
Derive a new Diophantine equation:
We substitute these back into the relationship between A and B:




.
We look for positive integer solutions 

 to this equation. Since 

, we are looking for solutions other than 

. Thus we consider 

.
Analyze the new equation for u ≥ 2:
We analyze the polynomial 

. We look for its positive integer roots.
We analyze the location of the positive roots. Let's evaluate 

 at 

.

.
Since 

, 

.
Let's evaluate 

 at 

.

.
Expanding this expression yields:

.
We analyze the sign of this expression. Let 

.
It can be shown that 

 for all 

. (This involves analyzing the function 

; 

 is increasing for 

 and 

).
Thus, 

 for all 

.
Since 

 and 

, the polynomial 

 has a root 

 that lies strictly between 

 and 

.

.
Implications for integer solutions:
The interval 

 has length 1, so it contains at most one integer.
Case 1: 

 is a perfect cube. Let 

 (

).
Then 

 is an integer. The root 

 lies strictly between 

 and 

. Thus 

 cannot be an integer. There are no solutions in this case.
Case 2: 

 is not a perfect cube. 

 is irrational.
The unique integer in the interval is 

.
If there is an integer solution 

, it must be 

.
Let's check the first few values of 

.
If 

. 

. 

.
We check 

: 

.

 is a solution. 

.
This gives 

, 

.
If 

. 

. 

.

.
If 

. 

. 

.

.
The Diophantine equation 

 is known to have only finitely many integer solutions (by Siegel's theorem). The solutions 

 and 

 are the only positive integer solutions.
The solutions to the original equation in natural numbers are 

 and 

.