Gemini на слишком длинных размышлениях перестает отвечать, но выдает 4 решения и какое-то доказательство бесконечности количества решений, если попросить по отдельности. Проверять рассуждения внимательно не очень хочется - у меня не хватает интуиции о происходящем в расширениях

.
(4 решения)
The first four solutions in positive integers

, sorted by

, are:




Proof of ExhaustivenessTo rigorously prove these are the first four solutions and no others exist for

, we analyze the equation in the ring of integers of the imaginary quadratic field

. The discriminant is

, so
![$\mathcal{O}_K = \mathbb{Z}[\alpha]$ $\mathcal{O}_K = \mathbb{Z}[\alpha]$](https://dxdy-04.korotkov.co.uk/f/b/a/6/ba6f500b76189b4a968f6b21924733a882.png)
where

, satisfying

. The left-hand side of the equation is the algebraic norm

. Thus, the equation becomes:
Step 1: Coprimality of
and 
Let

. If

, then

. For any prime

,

. Since

, it must be that

, which is impossible. Thus,

.
Step 2:
is a perfect cubeSince

, any common prime ideal factor of

and its conjugate

must divide their difference

. Because

cannot share factors with

without violating

, the only possible common prime ideal is the ramified prime

.
If

, then

. Let

. Since

, we also have

. The total power of

dividing

is

. This implies

, so

is a multiple of 3.
Any other prime ideal dividing

does not divide

, so its valuation must independently be a multiple of 3. Therefore, the principal ideal

is the cube of some ideal

. By the Stark-Heegner theorem, the class number of

is

, making

a Principal Ideal Domain. Hence,

is principal, say

. Since the only units in

are

(both of which are perfect cubes), we can absorb the unit to get the strict equality:
Step 3: ParametrizationUsing

and

, we expand

:

Taking the imaginary part, we obtain

.
By taking the norm, we require:

Multiplying this equation by 3 and substituting

, we obtain:

Multiplying by

yields

, or

.
Since

is an integer, this enforces the exact divisibility condition:

Multiplying the numerator by

gives

. Applying the modulo arithmetic

transforms the numerator to

. Since

, we strictly require:
Step 4: Evaluation over 
This divisibility provides a rigorous bound for

, as

has finitely many integer divisors for a fixed

. Evaluating

:
:
. Checking its divisors for
yields
. Substituting into the norm equation yields
.
:
. Checking its divisors yields
. Solving yields
.
:
. Checking its divisors yields
. Solving yields
.
:
. Checking its divisors yields
. Solving yields
.
Iterating through all possible factors of

confirms there are identically zero other integer pairs

satisfying the parametrization constraints up through

.
(доказательство бесконечности)
Yes.Consider the ring of integers
![$\mathbb{Z}[\alpha]$ $\mathbb{Z}[\alpha]$](https://dxdy-02.korotkov.co.uk/f/1/c/9/1c94f71b44ea26be8f66e3f75ed18e7882.png)
of the imaginary quadratic field

, where

. The minimal polynomial of

is

. The norm of an element

is

. The given equation can therefore be written as:

We construct a family of solutions by enforcing

for some integers

. Expanding the cube using

and

:

This yields the parameterization:


The multiplicativity of the norm implies

. Equating this to the target norm

yields:

To ensure

is an integer, we impose the condition

. Under this constraint,

, and the condition can be rewritten by completing the square:

Setting

and

, we obtain:

By Lagrange's theorem on Pell's equations, since 489 is not a perfect square, the equation

has infinitely many positive integer solutions

generated by

, where

is the fundamental positive solution. We choose

and

, which satisfies

.
Reversing the substitutions yields

in terms of

and

:




Substituting

into the expression for

:

To ensure

is an integer, we require

. By the binomial expansion:

Modulo 3,

, so all terms with

vanish. Thus,

. Since

,

is not divisible by 3. By selecting

to be any positive multiple of 3, we force

. This guarantees

is a positive integer for infinitely many indices

.
Now we determine the sign of

:


Substitute

:


Since

,

. To obtain a positive integer solution, we utilize the symmetry of the quadratic form

. Let

. Substitution yields:

Thus,

natively holds. Evaluating

:
![$$X = -[A_m(1 - 3912B_m^2) - 9B_m] - 18B_m = A_m(3912B_m^2 - 1) - 9B_m$$ $$X = -[A_m(1 - 3912B_m^2) - 9B_m] - 18B_m = A_m(3912B_m^2 - 1) - 9B_m$$](https://dxdy-04.korotkov.co.uk/f/f/d/9/fd9aacadafb4a37a77128e45fbbe6dd982.png)
For any valid positive solution,

and

. Hence:

Therefore,

constitutes a valid family of strictly positive integer solutions. As

for multiples

of 3, this mapping yields infinitely many positive integer solutions.