Что делать-то теперь?
Во первых

, т.е. все числа за 2e39 уже больше

и дело явно не в этом.
Во вторых PARI тем и удобен что работает с числами произвольной длины.
В третьих, это ошибка у меня в программе, так как x64 версия находит 14-ку, а x32 её не находит:
Код:
T:\>Yadryara.x32.exe 60813743932517 1
[]
T:\>Yadryara.x64.exe 60813743932517 1
[60813743932517]
Пока непонятно в чём дело, ведь все числа меньше

, до которых всё должно работать, и ведь в начале то всё работало идентично, я же сверял, а вот дальше вылезли глюки ...

Чем и ценна перекрёстная проверка, что каждый может что-то где-то пропустить или не заметить или ошибиться.
Разбираюсь.
-- 06.03.2022, 17:01 --Нашёл, это моя невнимательность, при переделке из x64 в x32 не тот регистр просуммировал в одном месте, ошибка есть во всех x32 версиях, неправильно инициализирует начальные остатки для чисел больше примерно

(точнее шаг/модуль умножить на

), что видимо тестами не покрылось (или выхлоп случайно совпал с правильным) и не обнаружилось.
Исправленная версия:
https://dropmefiles.com/16QGUМне остаётся только извиниться за свою невнимательность. И снова поблагодарить что не плюнули на странность и стали разбираться.
(В качестве извинений приведу все найденные x64 программой по Вашему паттерну цепочки длиной 12 и более:)
3352247269836809586569006831960391960345: 12, 12, 12, 12, 24, 12, 48, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 24, len=12
3903530964583013840460429330576751637145: 12,192, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 96, 12, 12, 12, 12, 48, 12, len=12
5087066818491388956115254702999911827545: 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 24, 12, 12, 12, 48, 48, 12, len=12
7484296896599878509293098698572173517145: 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 24, 12, 6, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, len=13 -!-
8412633799458785836963601256532406529945: 12, 24, 12, 12, 24, 12, 24, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, len=12
10018616388668448620210385787852370448345: 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 48, 12, 12, 12, 48, 24, 12, len=12
10156733759714413175034964485073774929945: 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 24, 12, 24, 12, 48, 12, 12, 12, 12, len=12
11242788275346240725371342110935183453145: 12, 12, 96, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 96, 12, 12, 12, 24, len=12
11478246789114817684051976704940182627545: 12, 24, 24, 12, 12, 12, 48, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, len=12
11660174089392348684074155260538991645145: 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 48, 12, 24, 24, 12, len=12
12469517504934035653332302804077078104345: 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 48, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 48, 12, 96, len=12
13022094711510170822559406192205768549145: 12, 24, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 24, 24, len=12
13553986769800527654078052895496599597145: 12, 48, 12, 12, 6, 12, 48, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, len=12
16129403793940227083094915412047367195545: 12, 12, 48, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 48, 12, 12, 12, 12, 48, 12, len=12
16490093779092990928950278628683185507545: 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 24, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 48, 12, 96, len=12
16721184818789346732387197639859510821145: 12, 24, 48, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 24, 12, 12, 12, 12, len=12
18347230137131615864825662270446028248345: 12, 24, 12, 12, 12, 12, 24, 12, 48, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, len=12
18630588394977873276291675658747575317145: 12, 12, 48, 12, 24, 12, 12, 12, 24, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, len=12
19044951094126541257013695283096247456345: 12, 12, 12, 12, 24, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 48, 12,192, 12, 12, len=12
19537652262664438990525639487606172029145: 12, 48, 24, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 24, len=12
20625654941565846292428774859359722933145: 12, 12, 12, 12, 24, 12, 12, 12, 24, 12, 48, 12, 12, 12, 12, len=12
20800032176927939077919705622843165993945: 12, 12, 24, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 24, 12, 48, 12, 12, len=12
20976374293929130327090736401762131451545: 12, 48, 12, 12, 12, 12, 24, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 24, 12, len=12
23620061012901681263509645135314265392345: 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 24, 12, 12, 12, 24, 12, 24, len=12
24117322438149550352254832057780006141145: 12, 12, 48, 12, 24, 12, 24, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, len=12
24661738806913546647829571981531598173145: 12, 24, 12, 12, 48, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, len=13 -!-
24960099412403914858992476948432996304345: 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 48, 12, 96, 12, 12, 12, 48, 12, 12, len=12
25027098957841221038194730834566189301145: 12, 12, 6, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 48, 96, 12, len=12
26146930559356491272802881817149406984345: 12, 96, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 6, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 24, len=12
26790815948011679597006026834798165325145: 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 48, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, len=14 -!-
30156053008412059145006574582807211579545: 12, 12, 24, 12, 24, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 24, len=12
30877712659432795458551191042618498157145: 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 96, 12, 12, 12, 24, 12, 6, len=12
30877915987898891690787410077713801941145: 12, 48, 96, 12, 12, 12, 24, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, len=12
32676324559767251798905284030262601131545: 12, 24, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 6, 12,192, 12, 12, 12, 12, len=12
34252615634789346781119499683479587401945: 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 48, 48, 48, len=12
35278178144687528493295824818281359101145: 12, 24, 96, 12, 48, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, len=12
35741060629367936729597085700876819445145: 12, 12, 48, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 96, 12, 96, 12, 12, 12, 12, len=12
36691420489097829016347606510028157395545: 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 48, 24, 48, len=12
36732610150746414903730708585470810125145: 12, 96, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 48, 24, len=12
36913607010342461478085188074900679048345: 12, 24, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 96, 48, 12, len=12
37017765851469884239930901637290902896345: 12, 96, 12, 12, 12, 12, 48, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 48, 12, 12, len=12
37202732143107653600453546911053660523545: 12, 48, 48, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 48, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, len=12
37395430186114789728408583420039824667545: 12, 96, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 48, 12, 48, 12, 12, len=12
38560836017109695181355239422316173880345: 12, 24, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 24, 96, len=12
39239700119742616733647082106154695149145: 12, 24, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 24, 12, 24, 12, 12, len=12
39503248844510605796614676668440987888345: 12, 48, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 24, 12, 12, 12, 12, 24, 12, len=12
39723996066263023586707763371483531469145: 12, 24, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 6, len=13 -!-