Стало интересно, что из себя представляют такие матрицы. Очевидно, что единичная матрица входит в это множество. Если у неё на диагонали заменить какое-либо число единиц нулями, то получившаяся матрица тоже будет входить в это множество. Стало интересно, а есть ли недиагональные матрицы, удовлетворяющие указанному свойству. Решил решать задачу в лоб: заставил компьютер перебирать все матрицы 3 на 3 со всевозможными комбинациями значений 0 и ±1. В результате нашёл 164 матрицы. У большинства из них ранк 1 и 2. Единственная матрица, имеющая ранк 3 — единичная.
Кому интересно, результат поиска:
(Оффтоп)
Код:
1
1 1 -1
1 1 -1
1 1 -1
===============
1
1 -1 1
-1 1 -1
-1 1 -1
===============
1
1 -1 -1
-1 1 1
1 -1 -1
===============
1
1 1 1
1 1 1
-1 -1 -1
===============
1
1 0 -1
1 0 -1
0 0 0
===============
2
1 0 -1
0 1 -1
0 0 0
===============
1
0 1 -1
0 1 -1
0 0 0
===============
2
1 0 0
-1 1 -1
-1 0 0
===============
1
0 0 0
-1 1 -1
0 0 0
===============
1
0 0 0
0 1 -1
0 0 0
===============
2
1 0 0
0 1 -1
0 0 0
===============
1
0 0 0
1 1 -1
0 0 0
===============
2
1 0 0
1 1 -1
1 0 0
===============
1
1 0 1
-1 0 -1
0 0 0
===============
1
0 -1 1
0 1 -1
0 0 0
===============
2
1 0 1
0 1 -1
0 0 0
===============
2
1 -1 -1
0 1 0
0 -1 0
===============
1
1 -1 -1
0 0 0
0 0 0
===============
1
1 0 -1
0 0 0
0 0 0
===============
1
1 1 -1
0 0 0
0 0 0
===============
2
1 0 -1
0 1 0
0 0 0
===============
2
1 1 -1
0 1 0
0 1 0
===============
1
1 -1 0
0 0 0
1 -1 0
===============
1
1 1 0
0 0 0
-1 -1 0
===============
1
0 -1 0
0 1 0
0 -1 0
===============
2
1 0 0
0 1 0
-1 -1 0
===============
1
0 0 0
1 1 0
-1 -1 0
===============
1
0 0 0
0 1 0
0 -1 0
===============
2
1 0 0
0 1 0
0 -1 0
===============
1
0 0 0
-1 1 0
1 -1 0
===============
2
1 0 0
0 1 0
1 -1 0
===============
1
0 1 0
0 1 0
0 -1 0
===============
1
1 -1 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
===============
1
1 0 0
-1 0 0
-1 0 0
===============
1
1 0 0
0 0 0
-1 0 0
===============
1
1 0 0
1 0 0
-1 0 0
===============
1
1 0 0
-1 0 0
0 0 0
===============
0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
===============
1
1 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
===============
1
1 0 0
1 0 0
0 0 0
===============
1
1 0 0
-1 0 0
1 0 0
===============
1
1 0 0
0 0 0
1 0 0
===============
1
1 0 0
1 0 0
1 0 0
===============
1
1 1 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
===============
1
0 -1 0
0 1 0
0 0 0
===============
2
1 0 0
0 1 0
-1 0 0
===============
1
0 0 0
-1 1 0
0 0 0
===============
1
0 0 0
0 1 0
0 0 0
===============
2
1 0 0
0 1 0
0 0 0
===============
1
0 0 0
1 1 0
0 0 0
===============
2
1 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 0
===============
1
0 1 0
0 1 0
0 0 0
===============
1
1 -1 0
0 0 0
-1 1 0
===============
1
1 1 0
0 0 0
1 1 0
===============
1
0 -1 0
0 1 0
0 1 0
===============
1
0 0 0
-1 1 0
-1 1 0
===============
2
1 0 0
0 1 0
-1 1 0
===============
1
0 0 0
0 1 0
0 1 0
===============
2
1 0 0
0 1 0
0 1 0
===============
2
1 0 0
0 1 0
1 1 0
===============
1
0 0 0
1 1 0
1 1 0
===============
1
0 1 0
0 1 0
0 1 0
===============
2
1 1 1
0 1 0
0 -1 0
===============
1
1 -1 1
0 0 0
0 0 0
===============
1
1 0 1
0 0 0
0 0 0
===============
1
1 1 1
0 0 0
0 0 0
===============
2
1 0 1
0 1 0
0 0 0
===============
2
1 -1 1
0 1 0
0 1 0
===============
1
1 0 -1
-1 0 1
0 0 0
===============
1
0 -1 -1
0 1 1
0 0 0
===============
2
1 0 -1
0 1 1
0 0 0
===============
2
1 0 0
1 1 1
-1 0 0
===============
1
0 0 0
-1 1 1
0 0 0
===============
1
0 0 0
0 1 1
0 0 0
===============
2
1 0 0
0 1 1
0 0 0
===============
1
0 0 0
1 1 1
0 0 0
===============
2
1 0 0
-1 1 1
1 0 0
===============
1
1 0 1
1 0 1
0 0 0
===============
2
1 0 1
0 1 1
0 0 0
===============
1
0 1 1
0 1 1
0 0 0
===============
1
-1 1 -1
-1 1 -1
1 -1 1
===============
2
1 -1 -1
0 0 -1
0 0 1
===============
1
0 0 -1
0 0 -1
0 0 1
===============
2
0 0 -1
-1 1 -1
0 0 1
===============
1
1 -1 -1
1 -1 -1
-1 1 1
===============
1
0 0 0
1 0 -1
-1 0 1
===============
2
1 0 0
-1 0 -1
0 0 1
===============
1
0 0 0
0 0 -1
0 0 1
===============
2
1 0 0
0 0 -1
0 0 1
===============
2
1 0 0
1 0 -1
0 0 1
===============
1
0 0 0
-1 0 -1
1 0 1
===============
1
-1 -1 1
1 1 -1
-1 -1 1
===============
1
0 0 1
0 0 -1
0 0 1
===============
2
1 1 1
0 0 -1
0 0 1
===============
2
0 0 1
1 1 -1
0 0 1
===============
1
1 1 1
-1 -1 -1
1 1 1
===============
1
0 1 -1
0 0 0
0 -1 1
===============
1
0 0 -1
0 0 0
0 0 1
===============
2
0 -1 -1
0 1 0
0 0 1
===============
2
0 0 -1
0 1 0
0 0 1
===============
2
0 1 -1
0 1 0
0 0 1
===============
1
0 -1 -1
0 0 0
0 1 1
===============
2
1 -1 0
0 0 0
0 -1 1
===============
2
1 0 0
-1 0 0
-1 -1 1
===============
1
0 0 0
0 0 0
-1 -1 1
===============
1
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 -1 1
===============
2
1 0 0
0 0 0
0 -1 1
===============
1
0 0 0
0 0 0
1 -1 1
===============
2
1 0 0
1 0 0
1 -1 1
===============
2
1 1 0
0 0 0
0 -1 1
===============
2
0 -1 0
0 1 0
-1 -1 1
===============
2
0 1 0
0 1 0
1 -1 1
===============
2
1 -1 0
0 0 0
0 0 1
===============
1
0 0 0
0 0 0
-1 0 1
===============
2
1 0 0
-1 0 0
0 0 1
===============
1
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 1
===============
2
1 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 1
===============
2
1 0 0
1 0 0
0 0 1
===============
1
0 0 0
0 0 0
1 0 1
===============
2
1 1 0
0 0 0
0 0 1
===============
2
0 -1 0
0 1 0
0 0 1
===============
2
0 0 0
-1 1 0
-1 0 1
===============
2
0 0 0
0 1 0
-1 0 1
===============
2
0 0 0
1 1 0
-1 0 1
===============
2
0 0 0
-1 1 0
0 0 1
===============
2
0 0 0
0 1 0
0 0 1
===============
3
1 0 0
0 1 0
0 0 1
===============
2
0 0 0
1 1 0
0 0 1
===============
2
0 0 0
-1 1 0
1 0 1
===============
2
0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 1
===============
2
0 0 0
1 1 0
1 0 1
===============
2
0 1 0
0 1 0
0 0 1
===============
2
1 -1 0
0 0 0
0 1 1
===============
1
0 0 0
0 0 0
-1 1 1
===============
2
1 0 0
1 0 0
-1 1 1
===============
1
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 1 1
===============
2
1 0 0
0 0 0
0 1 1
===============
2
1 0 0
-1 0 0
1 1 1
===============
1
0 0 0
0 0 0
1 1 1
===============
2
1 1 0
0 0 0
0 1 1
===============
2
0 -1 0
0 1 0
1 1 1
===============
2
0 1 0
0 1 0
-1 1 1
===============
1
0 -1 1
0 0 0
0 -1 1
===============
1
0 0 1
0 0 0
0 0 1
===============
2
0 -1 1
0 1 0
0 0 1
===============
2
0 0 1
0 1 0
0 0 1
===============
2
0 1 1
0 1 0
0 0 1
===============
1
0 1 1
0 0 0
0 1 1
===============
1
1 1 -1
-1 -1 1
-1 -1 1
===============
1
0 0 -1
0 0 1
0 0 1
===============
2
1 1 -1
0 0 1
0 0 1
===============
2
0 0 -1
1 1 1
0 0 1
===============
1
-1 -1 -1
1 1 1
1 1 1
===============
1
0 0 0
-1 0 1
-1 0 1
===============
2
1 0 0
-1 0 1
0 0 1
===============
1
0 0 0
0 0 1
0 0 1
===============
2
1 0 0
0 0 1
0 0 1
===============
2
1 0 0
1 0 1
0 0 1
===============
1
0 0 0
1 0 1
1 0 1
===============
1
1 -1 1
1 -1 1
1 -1 1
===============
2
1 -1 1
0 0 1
0 0 1
===============
1
0 0 1
0 0 1
0 0 1
===============
2
0 0 1
-1 1 1
0 0 1
===============
1
-1 1 1
-1 1 1
-1 1 1
===============
164