А что у них есть какое-то простое описание?
Вот все такие a в пределах
с факторизациями a и a+1:
Код:
? for(a=2,10^7,if(Mod(2,a)^(a+1)==-1,print(a," ",factor(a)," ",factor(a+1))))
5 Mat([5, 1]) [2, 1; 3, 1]
65 [5, 1; 13, 1] [2, 1; 3, 1; 11, 1]
377 [13, 1; 29, 1] [2, 1; 3, 3; 7, 1]
1189 [29, 1; 41, 1] [2, 1; 5, 1; 7, 1; 17, 1]
1469 [13, 1; 113, 1] [2, 1; 3, 1; 5, 1; 7, 2]
25805 [5, 1; 13, 1; 397, 1] [2, 1; 3, 1; 11, 1; 17, 1; 23, 1]
58589 [41, 1; 1429, 1] [2, 1; 3, 3; 5, 1; 7, 1; 31, 1]
134945 [5, 1; 137, 1; 197, 1] [2, 1; 3, 4; 7, 2; 17, 1]
137345 [5, 1; 13, 1; 2113, 1] [2, 1; 3, 1; 11, 1; 2081, 1]
170585 [5, 1; 109, 1; 313, 1] [2, 1; 3, 8; 13, 1]
272609 [41, 1; 61, 1; 109, 1] [2, 1; 3, 2; 5, 1; 13, 1; 233, 1]
285389 [13, 1; 29, 1; 757, 1] [2, 1; 3, 3; 5, 1; 7, 1; 151, 1]
420209 [37, 1; 41, 1; 277, 1] [2, 1; 3, 2; 5, 1; 7, 1; 23, 1; 29, 1]
538733 [13, 1; 29, 1; 1429, 1] [2, 1; 3, 1; 7, 1; 101, 1; 127, 1]
592409 [41, 1; 14449, 1] [2, 1; 3, 1; 5, 1; 7, 2; 13, 1; 31, 1]
618449 [13, 1; 113, 1; 421, 1] [2, 1; 3, 1; 5, 2; 7, 1; 19, 1; 31, 1]
680705 [5, 1; 109, 1; 1249, 1] [2, 1; 3, 2; 13, 1; 2909, 1]
778805 [5, 1; 109, 1; 1429, 1] [2, 1; 3, 2; 7, 2; 883, 1]
1163065 [5, 1; 457, 1; 509, 1] [2, 1; 19, 1; 127, 1; 241, 1]
1520441 [13, 1; 29, 1; 37, 1; 109, 1] [2, 1; 3, 2; 7, 1; 11, 1; 1097, 1]
1700945 [5, 1; 109, 1; 3121, 1] [2, 1; 3, 3; 13, 1; 2423, 1]
2099201 [13, 1; 113, 1; 1429, 1] [2, 1; 3, 1; 7, 1; 151, 1; 331, 1]
2831009 [29, 1; 41, 1; 2381, 1] [2, 1; 3, 1; 5, 1; 7, 1; 13, 1; 17, 1; 61, 1]
4020029 [13, 1; 109, 1; 2837, 1] [2, 1; 3, 4; 5, 1; 7, 1; 709, 1]
4174169 [41, 1; 61, 1; 1669, 1] [2, 1; 3, 1; 5, 1; 7, 1; 11, 1; 13, 1; 139, 1]
4516109 [13, 1; 37, 1; 41, 1; 229, 1] [2, 1; 3, 2; 5, 1; 19, 2; 139, 1]
5059889 [61, 1; 109, 1; 761, 1] [2, 1; 3, 2; 5, 1; 11, 1; 19, 1; 269, 1]
5215769 [13, 1; 421, 1; 953, 1] [2, 1; 3, 2; 5, 1; 7, 1; 17, 1; 487, 1]
5447273 [13, 1; 29, 1; 14449, 1] [2, 1; 3, 1; 7, 1; 23, 1; 5639, 1]
5903549 [41, 1; 109, 1; 1321, 1] [2, 1; 3, 3; 5, 2; 4373, 1]
6924301 [29, 1; 113, 1; 2113, 1] [2, 1; 7, 1; 11, 1; 44963, 1]
7389161 [13, 1; 269, 1; 2113, 1] [2, 1; 3, 2; 11, 1; 67, 1; 557, 1]
8679553 [1613, 1; 5381, 1] [2, 1; 13, 1; 17, 1; 73, 1; 269, 1]
P.S. Кстати, мы тут уже разбирали похожую
задачу о делимости n|2^n+1.